Wisconsin is proud of our thriving brewing and distilling industry. Many of these businesses are brewing and distilling daily, weekly, or year-round, resulting in the continuous generation of a valuable byproduct: spent grains.
Although many businesses involved in Wisconsin’s thriving brewing and distilling industry choose to distribute their byproducts as animal feed,
you may not be aware that they need a commercial feed license – even if you are not charging farmers for the spent grains. Licensing helps assure that Wisconsin livestock consume feed that remains wholesome and safe, thereby protecting both human and animal health. Distributing these byproducts as a livestock feed ingredient is widely considered to be the least costly option for byproduct disposal when compared to the other disposal options.
Annual commercial feed license costs:
When breweries and distilleries partner with area livestock producers to provide those spent grains for animal feed, it is a win-win situation for both parties. Animal producers who use these spent grains as a component of their cattle, hog, poultry, or fish feeding program, results in their animals benefiting from the spent grains’ nutrient value. This includes protein, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Meanwhile, breweries and distilleries avoid some of the challenges and costs associated with finding other water disposal options for their spent grains. Distributing brewery and distillery byproducts as animal feed can also help to reduce each business’s environmental footprint, increases local partnerships, and supports farms by providing a valuable and nutritionally consistent feedstuff. Distribution of spent grains can turn these byproducts into a value-added aspect of a brewing or distilling business.
Brewers and distillers who choose not to distribute byproducts as animal feed can dispose of their byproducts by any of the following methods:
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Landfilling: This is often the most expensive option, with average tipping fees of about $55/ton.
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Land spreading: Requires a Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources permit and identification of farm fields where byproducts will be spread. Farms may need to account for the spent grain in their nutrient management plans and may not always be in a position to accept the byproducts brewers and distillers need to spread.
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Third party contract pickup: Some businesses will pick up byproducts from human food processors and either sell them for further processing or process them into other products themselves.
Because brewers and distillers are licensed under state and federal food safety laws, you are likely already meeting most of the good manufacturing process requirements (GMPs), as these are more stringent for human food than animal feed. Other licensing requirements that are relatively easy or inexpensive to satisfy include:
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Labeling: Labels must state what the product is made of (for example, spent grain) and list the company name and address, and quantity (for example, weight) of the product. The label also needs to carry a guaranteed analysis, which indicates the minimum nutrient values of the byproduct. Generally, laboratory analysis is necessary only initially to develop a standard label for your product, unless the process that produces the byproduct changes. A list of feed analysis laboratories is available at
https://datcp.wi.gov/Documents/WIFeedTestingLabs.pdf. For farmers picking up spent grain in bulk, rather than in packaging, contact the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) at datcpfeed@wi.gov to determine how to provide labeling information.
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Reporting tonnage: Feed license holders report the amount of feed or ingredients they distribute each year. DATCP has developed options for breweries and distilleries to determine feed distribution quantities; please contact us for more detailed information about how to estimate tonnage.
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Inspections: DATCP normally inspects feed facilities on a one to five year cycle. However, because most breweries and distilleries already meet human food safety requirements due to more stringent GMPs, the inspection cycle could be longer (for example, every 4-5 years). Another reason for the longer inspection cycle is because animal feed GMPs, like human food GMPs, are intended to proactively prevent adulteration. Because the spent grain usually moves out quickly (so as to avoid mold development, storage restrictions, etc.), adulteration during handling and storage is unlikely to be an issue.
- Apply for a feed license using the
commercial feed license application.
- Create a label and submit it with the application.
- After receiving an inspection and your license, you are legally able to distribute your spent grains or other byproduct.